RBI Floating Rate Bonds: A Safe Fixed-Income Investment Option

07 October 2025

What Are RBI Floating Rate Savings Bonds?

The RBI Floating Rate Savings Bonds (FRSBs) are among the most secure investment options available in India today. Backed by the Government of India, these bonds offer investors assured safety along with returns that adjust according to market conditions. Introduced in 2020 as a replacement for the 7.75% Savings Bonds, these instruments provide a reliable fixed-income opportunity, especially for conservative and long-term investors.

At BondScanner, we aim to simplify complex financial instruments like the RBI Floating Rate Bonds and help investors make informed decisions through educational and transparent insights.

The RBI Floating Rate Savings Bonds (Taxable), 2020 are government-issued debt instruments designed to provide returns linked to prevailing interest rates in the market. Unlike fixed-rate bonds, the interest rate on these bonds changes periodically, reflecting broader movements in benchmark rates such as the National Savings Certificate (NSC) rate.

Key Features:

  • Issuer: Government of India through the Reserve Bank of India (RBI)

  • Tenure: 7 years from the date of issue

  • Interest Type: Floating (linked to NSC rate + 0.35%)

  • Interest Payment: Semi-annually (January 1 and July 1)

  • Minimum Investment: ₹1,000 (no upper limit)

  • Mode of Holding: Demat or Certificate of Holding

  • Taxation: Interest is fully taxable as per the investor’s income tax slab

RBI Floating Rate Savings Bonds Interest Rate

The interest rate on these bonds is not fixed. It is reset every six months, based on the prevailing National Savings Certificate (NSC) rate plus a spread of 0.35%.

For example, if the NSC rate is 7%, the RBI Floating Rate Bond will offer an interest rate of 7.35% for that period.

This mechanism ensures that the returns remain competitive with other government-backed savings options. The rate applicable for each period is published on the RBI’s official website.

Floating Rate Savings Bonds Calculator

A floating rate savings bonds calculator can help estimate your returns based on the current interest rate, investment amount, and holding period.

Example Calculation:

Let’s assume you invest ₹10,00,000 in the RBI Floating Rate Bonds at a rate of 7.35% per annum.

  • Annual Interest: ₹73,500

  • Semi-annual Payouts: ₹36,750 (every six months)

Since the rate is revised every six months, actual returns may vary slightly depending on future interest rate adjustments. Many bank websites and financial portals offer online calculators to help investors estimate their potential income.

Eligibility Criteria:

The following categories of investors can purchase RBI Floating Rate Savings Bonds:

  • Resident individuals (single or joint holding)

  • Hindu Undivided Families (HUFs)

However, Non-Resident Indians (NRIs) are not eligible to invest in these bonds.

How to Buy RBI Floating Rate Bonds

Investors can easily purchase these bonds both online and offline through authorized banks and post offices.

1. Through Banks:

Authorized banks like State Bank of India (SBI), HDFC Bank, ICICI Bank, Axis Bank, and Union Bank of India offer the facility to invest in RBI Floating Rate Bonds. You can visit your nearest branch or apply through their official websites.

2. Online via RBI Retail Direct Portal:

The RBI Retail Direct platform allows investors to:

  • Register online using PAN, Aadhaar, and bank details

  • Complete KYC verification digitally

  • Select the bond and make payment

  • Receive digital holding certificates

This makes investing convenient and paperless for individuals.

Benefits of Investing in RBI Floating Rate Bonds

1. Government-Backed Safety

Being issued by the Government of India, these bonds carry sovereign guarantee, eliminating default risk.

2. Inflation-Linked Returns

The floating interest rate ensures your returns adjust periodically, helping offset inflationary effects.

3. Regular Income Stream

Semi-annual interest payouts make these bonds ideal for retirees and conservative investors seeking periodic income.

4. No Upper Investment Limit

Investors can invest any amount, providing flexibility for both small and large savers.

5. Easy Accessibility

Available through multiple banks and online platforms, RBI Floating Rate Bonds are simple to purchase and manage.

Important Points to Note

  • Lock-in Period: 7 years. Premature withdrawal is allowed only for senior citizens, subject to specific conditions.

  • Taxation: Interest is taxable; no TDS is deducted at source. Investors must declare it under “Income from Other Sources.”

  • Transferability: Bonds are non-transferable and non-tradable in secondary markets.

  • Collateral Use: Can be pledged as collateral for loans.

RBI Floating Rate Savings Bonds 2023–2025: Market Outlook

In the coming years, these bonds are expected to remain an attractive choice for investors looking for safety and dynamic returns. With interest rates linked to small savings schemes, RBI Floating Rate Bonds provide flexibility and transparency, especially in a changing rate environment.

As India’s financial markets continue to evolve, such instruments will likely play an important role in promoting stable and inclusive investment participation.

Conclusion:

The RBI Floating Rate Savings Bonds are a dependable investment option for those seeking stability, regular income, and protection from inflation. They combine the safety of government backing with the adaptability of market-linked returns.

At BondScanner, we provide unbiased, educational insights into government and corporate bond instruments to help investors understand their options and make informed financial decisions.

FAQs on RBI Floating Rate Savings Bonds

Q1. What is the current interest rate on RBI Floating Rate Bonds?

The current rate is NSC rate + 0.35%, revised every six months. For instance, if the NSC rate is 7%, investors earn 7.35%.

Q2. How often is interest paid on these bonds?

Interest is paid semi-annually, on January 1 and July 1 each year.

Q3. Can NRIs invest in RBI Floating Rate Savings Bonds?

No, NRIs are not eligible to invest in these bonds.

Q4. Is there any premature withdrawal facility?

Yes, only for senior citizens under specific conditions based on age and tenure.

Q5. How to calculate returns on these bonds?

Use a floating rate savings bonds calculator to estimate returns based on the latest interest rate and investment amount.

Disclaimer

This blog is intended solely for educational and informational purposes. The bonds and securities mentioned herein are illustrative examples and should not be construed as investment advice or personal recommendations. BondScanner, as a SEBI-registered Online Bond Platform Provider (OBPP), does not provide personalized investment advice through this content.

Readers are advised to independently evaluate investment options and seek professional guidance before making financial decisions. Investments in bonds and other securities are subject to market risks, including the possible loss of principal. Please read all offer documents and risk disclosures carefully before investing.

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